Chapter 22
Assaultive Offenses
22.27 Instruction—Defense of Consent
[Insert instructions for underlying offense.]
If you all agree the state has proved, beyond a reasonable doubt, each of the [number] elements listed above, you must next consider whether the defendant is not guilty because of the defense of consent.
Consent
It is a defense to [offense] that the complainant effectively consented to the defendant's conduct or the defendant reasonably believed the complainant consented and the conduct did not threaten or inflict serious bodily injury.
Burden of Proof
The defendant is not required to prove consent. Rather, the state must prove, beyond a reasonable doubt, that the defense of consent does not apply.
Definitions
Bodily Injury
“Bodily injury” means physical pain, illness, or any impairment of physical condition.
Serious Bodily Injury
“Serious bodily injury” means bodily injury that creates a substantial risk of death or that causes death, serious permanent disfigurement, or protracted loss or impairment of the function of any bodily member or organ.
Reasonable Belief
“Reasonable belief” means a belief that an ordinary and prudent person would have held in the same circumstances as the defendant.
Consent
“Consent” means assent in fact, whether express or apparent.
Effective Consent
[Include relevant parts of definition as raised by the evidence.]
“Effective consent” includes consent by a person legally authorized to act for the owner. Consent is not effective if it is—
- induced by force, threat, or fraud;
- given by a person the actor knows is not legally authorized to act for the owner;
- given by a person who by reason of youth, mental disease or defect, or intoxication is known by the actor to be unable to make reasonable decisions; or
- given solely to detect the commission of an offense.
Application of Law to Facts
To decide the issue of consent, you must determine whether the state has proved, beyond a reasonable doubt, either—
- both that—
- [name] did not effectively consent; and
- the defendant did not reasonably believe [name] consented; or
- the conduct threatened or inflicted serious bodily injury.
You must all agree the state has proved, beyond a reasonable doubt, either element 1 or 2 listed above. You need not agree on which of these elements the state has proved.
If you all agree the state has failed to prove, beyond a reasonable doubt, either element 1 or 2 listed above, you must find the defendant “not guilty.”
If you all agree the state has proved, beyond a reasonable doubt, each of the elements of the offense of [insert specific offense], and you all agree the state has proved, beyond a reasonable doubt, either element 1 or 2 listed above, you must find the defendant “guilty.”
[Insert any other instructions raised by the evidence. Then continue with the verdict form found in CPJC 2.1, the general charge.]
Comment
The defense of consent is provided for in Tex. Penal Code § 22.06. The definition of “bodily injury” is from Tex. Penal Code § 1.07(a)(8). The definition of “serious bodily injury” is from Tex. Penal Code § 1.07(a)(46). The definition of “consent” is from Tex. Penal Code § 1.07(a)(11). The definition of “effective consent” is from Tex. Penal Code § 1.07(a)(19).